Dwujęzyczność wspomaga rozwój dzieci

Dzieci, które uczą się mówić w dwujęzycznych rodzinach, rozwijają się szybciej. Przeczy to teoriom, że dwujęzyczność we wczesnym dzieciństwie spowalnia rozwój intelektualny dziecka - informują naukowcy na łamach pisma "Proceedings of the National Academy of Science".

Interia: Dwujęzyczność wspomaga rozwój dzieci

Błąd w maturach z angielskiego

Co trzeci maturzysta, który wybrał język angielski, mógł nie zdać egzaminu - nie z własnej winy. Drukarnia pomyliła testy.

Gazeta Wyborcza: Błąd w maturach z angielskiego

Electronic messages

Angielskie skróty używane w SMS-ach i e-mailach :)
2DAY - today
2MORO - tomorrow
2NITE - tonight
4 - for
ASAP - as soon as possible
ATB - all the best
B4 - before
B4N - bye for now
BBL - be back later
BRB - be right back
BTW - by the way
CUL8R - see you later
F2F - face to face
FWIW - for what it's worth
FYI - for your information
GR8 - great
HAND - have a nice day
ILU - I love you
IMHO - in my humble opinion
KIT - keep in touch
LOL - lots of love / luck / laughing out loud
MSG - message
MYOB - mind your own business
NO1 - no one
PCM - please call me
PLS - please
SOM1 - someone
SPK - speak
THX - thanks
WAN2 - want to
WKND - weekend
X - kiss
XLNT - excellent
XOXO - hugs and kisses
U - you
Y - why
YR - your / you're

Word or phrase	Abbreviation(s)
Account	acc
Address	addy/add
And	n, an
Anticipate	ntcp8
Age, sex, location	Asl
At the moment	atm
Be right back	brb
Be back later	bbl
Be back soon	bbs
Because	cuz, bcuz, bcz, bcos, bc, cos, coz or bcoz
Best friend or Boy friend	bf or b/f
Best friend(s) for life	bffl
Best friend(s) forever	bff
Between	btwn
By the way	btw
Can't be arsed	cba
Comment me back	cmb (usually used for social networking sites)
Could be keen (eg to go out)	cbk
Cousin	cuz
Definitely	def
Don't	dnt
Don't worry	dw
Forever	4eva or 4evr
For your information	fyi
Friend	frend or frnd
Fuck my life	fml
Fuck you	fuk u or f u
Girl friend	gf
Got to go	g2g or gtg
Great	gr8
Have a nice day	H.A.N.D.
Have a good day	hagd
Hold on	hld on or h/o
Homework	hw, hwk or hmwk
How are you	hru
I don't care	idc
I don't know	idk
I do what I want	idwiw
I love you	ily, luv u, ilu, luv ya, or i <3 u
If I recall correctly or If I remember correctly	iirc
In my opinion	imo
In my humble opinion	imho
Jokes	jks
Just for laughs	jfl
Just joking	jj
Just kidding	jk
Just to let you know	jtlyk or j2luk
Know	kno, knw or noe
Kiss my teeth	kmt
Kiss my ass	kma
Later	l8r/l8a
Laugh out loud	lol
Lots of love	lol
Laughing my ass off	lmao
Laughing my fucking ass off	lmfao
Laughing quietly to myself	lqtm
Laugh out loud (multiple times)	lollies, lolz
Love	luv or <3
Message (as in a text message)	msg
Never mind	nm or nvm (depending on context used)
No problem	np
No thank you	no tnk u, nty, no ty
Not much	nm (depending on context used)
Obviously	ovvi or obv
Of course	ov cors or ofc
Oh My God	omg or (comically) zomg
OK	K
Parents over shoulder	pos
parents behind back	pbb
Peace	pce, pece, or \/ (V sign)
People	ppl
Please	plz or plez
Probably	probz, prbly, prolly, proly, or prob
Really	rly
Reals	rlz
Right	rite
Rocking/Rock (metal hands)	\m/
Rolling on the floor laughing (out loud)	rofl(ol) or (comically) Roflcopter
Rolling on (the) floor laughing my ass off	roflmao or rotflmao
says	ses or sez
See you/see you later	cya, cu, or cya/cu l8er/l8a
Seriously	srsly
Shit outta luck	SOL
Something	sth, s/t, or sumthin
Son of a bitch	sob
Sorry	sry
Talk to you later	ttyl or t2yl
Ta-ta for now	ttfn
Text	txt
Text back	txt bck or tb
Thanks	thanx, thx, tnx, 10Q, or tnx
Thank you	ty or "thnk u"
Thank you very much	tyvm
Tomorrow	tom, 2moz, 2moro, 2mrw or 2mara
To be honest	tbh
Welcome back	wb
Write back	wb
What	wat, wut, wht, whaz or wot
Whatever	w/e or wateva or watev or wtvr
What the fuck	wtf, wdf (slang)
What the hell	wth
Would	wud

 Sources:
- Wikipedia
- Oxford Dicitonary
Polecam również artykuł znanego lingwisty Davida Crystala: 2b or not 2b

Political joke about cows

A CHRISTIAN DEMOCRAT:  You have two cows.  You keep one and give one to your neighbor.

A SOCIALIST:  You have two cows.  The government takes one and gives it to your neighbor.

AN AMERICAN REPUBLICAN:  You have two cows. Your neighbor has none. So what?

AN AMERICAN DEMOCRAT:  You have two cows.  Your neighbor has none.  You feel guilty for being successful.  You vote people into office who tax your cows, forcing you to sell one to raise money to pay the tax.  The people you voted for then take the tax money and buy a cow and give it to your neighbor. You feel righteous.

A COMMUNIST:  You have two cows.  The government seizes both and provides you with milk.

A FASCIST:  You have two cows.  The government seizes both and sells you the milk. You join the underground and start a campaign of sabotage.

DEMOCRACY, AMERICAN STYLE:  You have two cows.  The government taxes you to the point you have to sell both to support a man in a foreign country who has only one cow, which was a gift from your government.

CAPITALISM, AMERICAN STYLE:  You have two cows.  You sell one, buy a bull, and build a herd of cows.

BUREAUCRACY, AMERICAN STYLE:  You have two cows.  The government takes them both, shoots one, milks the other, pays you for the milk, then pours the milk down the drain.

AN AMERICAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You sell one, and force the other to produce the milk of four cows.  You are surprised when the cow drops dead.

A FRENCH CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You go on strike because you want three cows.

A JAPANESE CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You redesign them so they are one-tenth the size of an ordinary cow and produce twenty times the milk. You then create clever cow cartoon images called Cowkimon and market them World-Wide.

A GERMAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You reengineer them so they live for 100 years, eat once a month, and milk themselves.

A BRITISH CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  They are mad.  They die. Pass the shepherd's pie, please.

AN ITALIAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows, but you don't know where they are. You break for lunch.

A RUSSIAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You count them and learn you have five cows. You count them again and learn you have 42 cows. You count them again and learn you have 12 cows.  You stop counting cows and open another bottle of vodka.

A SWISS CORPORATION:  You have 5000 cows, none of which belong to you. You charge others for storing them.

A BRAZILIAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You enter into a partnership with an American corporation.  Soon you have 1000 cows and the American corporation declares bankruptcy.

AN INDIAN CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You worship both of them.

A CHINESE CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  You have 300 people milking them. You claim full employment, high bovine productivity, and arrest the newsman who reported on them.

AN ISRAELI CORPORATION:  There are these two Jewish cows, right?  They open a milk factory, an ice cream store, and then sell the movie rights. They send their calves to Harvard to become doctors. So, who needs people?

AN ARKANSAS CORPORATION:  You have two cows.  That one on the left is kinda cute.

What about Polish cows? Do you have any ideas?

In a restaurant

Waiter: Good evening. May I help you?
Guest: Good evening. We booked a table for two yesterday.
Waiter: Your name, Sir?
Guest: Smith. John Smith.
Waiter: Oh, yes. Table numer eight. This way, please.
Guest: May we sit here? We'd like a table in the corner.
Waiter: I'm sorry, Sir. This table is reserved.
Guest: All right then. Could we have the menu, please?
*
Waiter: Can I take your order, please?
Guest I: Yes. We'd like sweet and sour pork and rice.
Waiter: Would you like anything to drink?
Guest I: We'd like a bottle of red wine, please.
Waiter: How about dessert?
Guest I: Let me see... Peaches and cream for me. What about you, darling?
Guest II: Custard and fruit would be nice, I think.
Waiter: Is that all?
Guest I: Yes, that's all.
*
Guest: Waiter, could we have the bill, please!
Waiter: Certainly. Eleven pounds fifty, please.
Guest: Here you are. Keep the change, please. That was a very good meal. We enjoyed it, thank you.
Waiter: Thank you very much.

Paraphrasing 6 - Modal verbs

1. I'm sure Sylvia didn't mean what she said.
CAN'T   Sylvia ................................................... what she said.

2. I'd better start studying for my exams soon.
OUGHT   I ............................................................. for my exams soon.

3. I advise you to have your car serviced.
SHOULD   You .......................................................... car serviced.

4. We'll probably have a party for Simon's birthday.
LIKELY   It's .......................................................a party for Simon's birthday.

5. I'm sure the books are in this cupboard.
MUST   The books ................................................ cupboard.

6. It wasn't necessary for him to help me, but he did.
HAVE   He ........................................................ me.

7. It's forbidden to take your bag into the building.
MUSTN'T   You ........................................................... into the building.

8. I'm sure she understood what I was saying. 
HAVE   She ........................................................ what I was saying.

9. Perhaps Alice is at the hairdresser's.
COULD   Alice ........................................................ the hairdresser's.

10. Running in the corridors is forbidden.
ALLOWED   You ................................................. in the corridors.

11. Perhaps he took the train to work this morning.
MAY   He ......................................................... the train to work this morning.

12. It wasn't necessary for him to buy a gift, but he did.
HAVE   He ..................................................... a gift.

13. Is it possible that Jane is leaving school at the end of this week?
BE   Could ........................................................... at the end of this week?

14. It is possible that she has forgotten to call.
MAY   She ......................................................... to call.

15. It isn't necessary for you to work on Saturday.
HAVE   You ....................................................... on Saturday.

16. Let's have lunch in half an hour.
CAN   We ..................................................... in half an hour.

17. I advise you to open a bank account.
SHOULD   You ............................................. a bank account.

***************************************
Odpowiedzi:
1. can't have meant
2. ought to start studying
3. should have your
4. likely that we will have
5.  must be in this
6. needn't have helped
7. mustn't take your bag
8. must have understood
9. could be at
10. are not allowed to run
11. may have taken
12. needn't have bought
13. may have taken
14. may have forgotten
15. don't have to work
16. can have lunch
17. should open

Paraphrasing 5 - Emphasis and Inversion

1. We rarely had sweets when we were young.
HAVE   Hardly ever ..................................... we were young.

2. I remembered my keys only after I had closed the door.
REMEMBER   Only after I had closed the door .................................. my keys.

3. I had never seen such a fierce dog before.
BEFORE   Never .......................................... such a fierce dog.

4. You must not open this box under any circumstances.
NO   Under ................................................. this open. 

5. I haven't eaten such delicious food anywhere.
ELSE   Nowhere ............................................ such delicious food.

6. If I had realised how late it was, I wouldn't have stayed so long.
REALISED   Had .............................................. was, I wouldn't have stayed so long.

7. Don't open the door on any account while I'm out.
SHOULD   On no account ........................................ the door while I'm out.

8. She's a brilliant actress and a talented writer as well.
ONLY   Not ............................................. actress, but she's also a talented writer.

9. We could only get there on time by taking a short cut.
COULD   Only by taking a short cut ........................................... there on time.

10. There's no way I can meet him at the airport.
CAN   In no way ................................................... at the airport.

11. They had no idea it was the wrong train.
KNOW   Little ............................................... it was the wrong train.

12. I only noticed the scratch on my car when I looked closely.
NOTICE   Only when I looked closely ............................................... the scratch on my car.

13. If I were you, I would buy a computer.
YOU   Were ................................... buy a computer. 

14. It was only after I drank the milk that I realised it was sour. 
DID   Only after I had drunk the milk ............................................ it was sour.

15. We didn't notice the time until it was too late.
DID   Not until it was ................................................ the time.

16. As soon as I got the bed, I fell asleep.
SOONER   No .................................................... into bed than I fell asleep.

17. You will get there on time if you leave now.
WILL   Only if I ................................................ get there on time.

*******************************
Odpowiedzi:
1. did we have sweets when
2. did I remember
3. before had I seen
4. no cicumstances must you open
5. else have I eaten
6. I realised how late it
7. should you open
8. only is she a brilliant
9. could we get
10. can I meet him
11. did they know (that)
12. did I notice
13. I you, I would
14. did I realise (that)
15. too late did we notice
16. sooner had I got
17. leave now will you

Paraphrasing 4

Matura próbna - styczeń 2009
1. When I first came to Scotland, I had difficulty understanding the accent.
FOUND
When I first came to Scotland, I ___________________________________ the accent.
2. I asked Chris and Tom to help me but both of them refused.
NOR
I asked both of them to help me but ___________________________________ agreed.

3. I don’t feel like driving today.
RATHER
I _________________________________________ today.

4. She will probably move to Scotland.
LIKELY
She ___________________________________ to Scotland.

5. Stupidly, I left my mobile at home.
WHICH
I left my mobile at home, ______________________________ thing to do.

Matura próbna - maj 2009
6. I can’t stand this noise any longer.
I can’t put ______________________ this noise any longer.

7. I wouldn’t dare to say that under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances _______________________________________ to say that.

8. People say he broke the promises he had made.
He is said ________________________________________ the promises he had made.

9. ‘Please don’t say anything to Paul,’ said the girl to her mother.
The girl begged her mother ______________________________ Paul anything.

10. That’s a real pity that you invited him.
If only you ________________________________________________ him.

Odpowiedzi:
1. found it difficult to understand
2. neither Chris nor Tom
3. would rather not drive
4. is likely to move
5. which was a stupid
6. up with
7. would I dare
8. to have broken
9. not to tell
10. hadn't invited

Paraphrasing 3

Matura - maj 2007
1. I don’t allow anyone to repair my car. I do it myself.
HAVE
I refuse _______________________________________ by anyone. I do it myself.

2. There are no eggs left.
RUN
We ____________________________________ eggs.

3. We were late because there was so much traffic.
LESS
If ______________________________________ traffic, we wouldn’t have been late.

4. As I get older, I become more experienced.
GET
The _____________________________________________ I become.

5. I cannot bear this rainy weather any more.
PUT
I cannot ___________________________________ this rainy weather any more.

Matura - maj 2008
6. I am sure they forgot to pack the map.
MUST
They ___________________________________________________ to pack the map.

7. He’s a real snob! He thinks he’s better than others who don’t have fashionable clothes.
LOOKS
He’s a real snob! He _______________________________ those who don’t have
fashionable clothes.

8. Almost nobody answered the question because it was too difficult.
HARDLY
The question was so difficult that ________________________________________ it.

9. I prefer staying dirty to washing in that water.
RATHER
I __________________________________________________ wash in that water.

10. Our children are allowed to stay up late on Saturdays.
LET
We ___________________________________________________ late on Saturdays.

Odpowiedzi:
1. to have my car repaired
2. have run out of
3. there had been less
4. older I get, the more experienced
5. put up with
6. must have forgotten
7. looks down on
8. hardly anybody answered
9. would rather stay dirty than
10. let our children stay up

Paraphrasing 2

Matura - maj 2006
1. They will take away your licence if they catch you driving so fast.
LICENCE
You _________________________________ away if they catch you driving so fast.

2. Poisonous snakes can rarely be seen in this part of the country.
YOU
Not often _________________________ poisonous snakes in this part of the country.

3. Do you mind if I try this sweater on?
OBJECTION
Do you have ________________________________________ trying this sweater on?

4. The police are investigating the case very thoroughly.
INVESTIGATED
The case _________________________________________ very thoroughly.

Próbna matura - listopad 2006
5. It was not necessary for him to take any warm clothes, so he travelled light.
He ________________________ take any warm clothes with him, so he travelled light.

6. Sources report that some people are searching for their relatives.
Some people are reported ___________________________________ for their relatives.

7. He hasn’t ridden a bicycle for ages.
It’s ages ______________________________________________ a bicycle.

8. She is not self-confident enough; that’s why she did not cope with the situation then.
If she were more self-confident, she ______________________ with the situation then.

9. ‘No, I wasn’t there,’ Kevin said.
Kevin denied ____________________________ there.

Odpowiedzi:
1. will have your licence taken
2. can you see - Inwersja / Inversion
3. any objection to my
4. is being investigated - Strona bierna / Passive Voice
5.  did not have to / did not need to
6. to be searching 
7. since he rode
8. would have coped
9. being / (that) he had been / having been 

Paraphrasing 1

Na poziomie rozszerzonym matury pod nazwą "stuktury gramatyczno-leksykalne" często pojawia się tzw. parafrazowanie zdań. W tym roku już po maturze, ale możemy zacząć przygotowywać się do matury w przyszłym roku (to do Was, drugoklasiści) ;)
Na początek proponuję przerobić zdania, które pojawiły się już w poprzednich latach, gdyż często są bardzo podobne zagadnieniowo.

Matura próbna 2004
1. James was unaware of his girlfriend’s plans for Christmas. SLIGHTEST
James ____________________________________________________________ his girlfriend’s
plans for Christmas.

2. Sheila was late for school because she didn’t leave home early enough. IF
Sheila _____________________________________________________________________ home
early enough.

3. They failed to arrive at the party and they forgot to call to inform us about it. ALSO
Not ________________________________________________________________________
forgot to call to inform us about it.

4. “What do you intend to do?”, I asked. INTENTION
I asked him ________________________________________________________________ .

Matura próbna - styczeń 2006
5. If you see the milkman, tell him that we are leaving on Monday.
Should ……………………………………….. , tell him that we are leaving on Monday.

6. They were watering the garden from five to seven yesterday.
The garden ……………………………………………… from five to seven yesterday.

7. ‘You have lied, John!’ exclaimed Paula.
Paula accused John …………………………………….. .

8. It is a shame my best friend smokes like a chimney.
I wish my best friend ………………………………………… like a chimney.

9. An optician should check his eyesight as soon as possible.
He should…………………………………............… by an optician as soon as possible.

Odpowiedzi:
1. didn’'t have the slightest idea about 
2. wouldn’'t have been late for school if she had left - III okres warunkowy / 3rd Conditional
3. only did they fail to arrive at the party but they also - Inwersja / Inversion
4. what his intention was.

5. you see the milkman - Inwersja, II okres warunkowy / Inversion, 2nd Conditional
6. was being watered - Strona bierna / Passive Voice
7. of lying / of having lied - Mowa zależna / Reported Speech
8. did not smoke / would not smoke - I wish...
9. have his eyesight checked - Causative Form

Ode to the Spell Checker

Eye halve a spelling chequer
It came with my pea sea
It painly marques four my revue
Miss steaks eye kin knot sea.

Eye strike a key and type a word
And weight four it two say
Weather eye am wrong oar write
It shows me strait a weigh.

As soon as a mist ache is maid 
It nose bee fore two long 
And eye can put the error rite
Its rare lea ever wrong.

Eye have run this poem threw it
I am shore your pleased two no
Its letter perfect awl the weigh
My chequer tolled me sew.

A to Polska właśnie...

Dzisiaj zamieszczam kilka linków do poczytania/posłuchania o Polsce po angielsku, niektóre z odnośnikami do polskich tłumaczeń/streszczeń:
1. BBC: How Poland became an aid donor - 16 April 2009
   Gazeta Wyborcza: BBC chwali Polskę i Łódź - 19 kwietnia 2009

2. BBC: Poland 'can jail drunk cyclists' - 11 April 2009

3. BBC: Jobs go as firm moves to Poland - 13 February 2009

4. CNN: Poland hostel fire kills at least 21 - 13 April 2009

5. The Guardian: Plans for new highway in Poland changed to save pristine wetlands - 25 March 2009

6. The Guardian: Reversing Poles: how Poland brought its workers home - 23 January 2009

7. The Washington Post: The Camps Were Not Poland's - 21 March 2009

8. Time: That's not what I said - Embarrassing moments

9. Time: Poles Apart - 4 September 2008 

10. The Daily Telegraph: Dell to axe 1,900 jobs as it moves production from Ireland to Poland - 8 January 2009

Matura 2009

Są już arkusze i odpowiedzi z dzisiejszej matury z języka angielskiego.

Arkusz 1 - poziom podstawowy
Transkrypcja - poziom podstawowy
Odpowiedzi - poziom podstawowy

Arkusz 1 - poziom rozszerzony
Arkusz 2 - poziom rozszerzony
Transkrypcja - poziom rozszerzony
Odpowiedzi - poziom rozszerzony

Dowcipy po angielsku

Adam and God were walking in the garden one day. Adam asked God, "why did you make Eve so beautiful?" God said, "Adam, so that you would love Eve." Adam, "But, why did you make her so stupid?" God, "So that she would love you."

What is always coming but never arrives?
Tommorow.

Who designed Noah's ark?
An ark-itect !

What do angels dance to?
Soul music.

Why is 'abbreviation' such a long word?

Getting old is when you sleep in a different place to your teeth.

Have you heard about the blonde who took her computer to a doctor because it had a virus?

Laziness is the habit of taking a rest before you get tired.

What keys are furry?
Monkeys.

What do you call Santa's Helpers?
Subordinate clauses.

How many letters are there in the alphabet?
Twenty-four, because E.T. went home.

W Walii i okolicach wszystkie informacje i ostrzeżenia podawane są po angielsku i walijsku. Tutaj przykład znaku, gdzie po walijsku czytamy: "Nie ma mnie teraz w biurze. Proszę przesłać wszelkie zlecenia do tłumaczenia".

English language

Have you ever wondered why foreigners have trouble with the English Language?

Let's face it
English is a stupid language.
There is no egg in the eggplant
No ham in the hamburger
And neither pine nor apple in the pineapple.
English muffins were not invented in England
French fries were not invented in France.

We sometimes take English for granted
But if we examine its paradoxes we find that
Quicksand takes you down slowly
Boxing rings are square
And a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig.

If writers write, how come fingers don't fing.
If the plural of tooth is teeth
Shouldn't the plural of phone booth be phone beeth
If the teacher taught,
Why didn't the preacher praught.

If a vegetarian eats vegetables
What the heck does a humanitarian eat!?
Why do people recite at a play
Yet play at a recital?
Park on driveways and
Drive on parkways

You have to marvel at the unique lunacy
Of a language where a house can burn up as
It burns down
And in which you fill in a form
By filling it out
And a bell is only heard once it goes!

English was invented by people, not computers
And it reflects the creativity of the human race
(Which of course isn't a race at all)

That is why
When the stars are out they are visible
But when the lights are out they are invisible
And why it is that when I wind up my watch
It starts
But when I wind up this observation,
It ends.

Types of houses

English	Polish
bedsit / studio flat	kawalerka
block of flats	blok mieszkaniowy
bungalow	dom parterowy
chalet	drewniany domek (w górach)
cottage	domek na wsi
council house	mieszkanie komunalne
detached house	dom wolno stojący
duplex (NAmE)	dom bliźniak / mieszkanie dwupoziomowe
flat / apartment	mieszkanie
mansion	rezydencja
penthouse	apartament na najwyższym piętrze budynku
row house (NAmE)	dom szeregowy
semi-detached house	dom bliźniak
terraced house	dom szeregowy
thatched cottage	dom kryty strzechą
villa	willa

 

Semi-detached house

May Day - 1st May

Today in England people celebrate May Day.
It is one of the most important pagan day, also called Beltane.
In the past there was a tradition of dancing around a tall pole with ribbons to celebrate the spring.

May Pole with ribbons

 

Celebrating May Day:

A popular activity on May Day is to decorate a pole with brightly colored ribbon or paper streamers. Some also add flowers and balloons. The pole is usually carried in a parade and then placed in the ground at a designated area. People then dance around the May pole, holding the ends of the streamers or ribbon in their hands.
In London, May Day is celebrated with the children going from house to house. They bring flowers and get pennies in return. The pennies are then thrown into a wishing well. The pennies are then donated to charity.

Vocabulary:
* celebrate - świętować, obchodzić
* pagan - pogański
* tall pole - wysoki słup
* ribbons - wstążki
* decorate - ozdabiać, dekorować
* brightly colored ribbon - jasne wstążki
* paper streamers - papierowe serpentyny
* flowers - kwiaty
* balloons - balony
* is carried - jest niesiony, przynoszony
* is placed in the ground - jest umieszczany w ziemi
* designated area - wyznaczone miejsce
* holding - trzymając, od czasownika to hold - trzymać
* bring - przynosić
* pennies - pensy
* in return - w zamian
* throw - wrzucać
* a wishing well - fontanna "życzeniowa", gdzie wrzuca się monety na szczęście
* charity - cele / instytucje dobroczynne